Andrological surgery is a specialized branch of medicine dedicated to the health of the male genital system and to the treatment of conditions that may compromise its function, well-being, and overall quality of life.

While it is often associated exclusively with fertility or sexual health issues, andrological surgery actually addresses a much broader spectrum of conditions.

We discuss this with Professor Vicini, urologist and andrologist at Arsbiomedica Clinic.

What Is Andrological Surgery? When Is It Indicated?

Andrological surgery encompasses a range of procedures aimed at treating congenital or acquired conditions affecting:

• The penis

• The testicles

• The epididymis

• The spermatic cord

The goal is not only to resolve the underlying clinical issue, but also to preserve or enhance genital function, while carefully considering the psychological and emotional aspects closely linked to male health.

What Are the Main Conditions Treated?

Andrological surgery may be indicated in several cases, including:

• Varicocele, often associated with male infertility

• Phimosis and paraphimosis

• Hydrocele

• Cryptorchidism (undescended testicle)

• Genital trauma

• Congenital or acquired penile curvature (Peyronie’s disease)

• Testicular nodules or masses

• Erectile dysfunction (penile prosthesis implantation)

• Gender-affirming surgery (vaginoplasty and phalloplasty)

Each procedure is carefully evaluated based on the patient’s age, symptoms, and therapeutic goals.

Surgery and Fertility

One of the most delicate areas of andrological surgery concerns male fertility.

In selected cases, surgical intervention can improve semen quality or correct conditions that interfere with sperm production or transport.

Any decision to proceed surgically is made within the context of a comprehensive diagnostic pathway, fully discussed and shared with the patient.

Increasingly Minimally Invasive Techniques

In recent years, andrological surgery has benefited from significant technological advancements.

The use of minimally invasive and microsurgical techniques now allows for greater precision, faster recovery times, and reduced postoperative discomfort — whether treating varicocele, performing testicular biopsy for azoospermia, or implanting penile prostheses for erectile dysfunction.

When to Consult a Specialist

It is advisable to consult an andrologist or specialized urologist if you experience:

• Genital pain or swelling

• Visible or palpable abnormalities

• Persistent sexual difficulties

• Fertility problems

Early evaluation makes it possible to identify the most appropriate solution, whether surgical or non-surgical.

A Comprehensive Approach to Male Health

Andrological surgery is not merely an operative technique; it forms part of a broader, patient-centered approach to men’s health — one that prioritizes education, prevention, and personalized care.

Taking care of one’s andrological health means investing in present and future well-being.

Commitment to Research and Education

In the field of research and academic training, Professor Vicini serves as one of the coordinators and scientific directors of the Masterclass in Male and Female Genital Surgery, now in its fourth annual edition.

This nationally recognized advanced training program offers a comprehensive educational pathway, combining theoretical lectures with live surgical sessions and active participation by trainees. The aim is to develop both strong diagnostic clinical skills and mastery of modern, innovative, and minimally invasive techniques, including corrective, reconstructive, and penile prosthetic implant surgery.

Arsbiomedica Clinic is one of the principal centers for the scientific and surgical activities of the Masterclass.